Implementing an enterprise system is a challenge for organizations to adapt to new routines. The comprehension of enterprise systems extends beyond the implementation phase, encompassing the learning context through the incorporation of gamification. Gamification has characteristics that help in recognizing appropriate elements to support effectiveness in its implementation. To understand further the application of gamification to enterprise systems, this research aims to describe the state of the art through a systematic literature review to determine the characteristics and effectiveness of the application of gamification to enterprise systems. This research selected 14 publications in 2018-2022 based on predefined criteria and quality assessments. The use of the most gamification elements in points, leaderboards, levels, and rewards represents gamification characteristics. ERPSim is a media that is widely used for ERP learning. The pre-test and post-test comparison method stands out as the most prevalent approach in gamification experiments. This comprehensive literature review serves as a valuable resource to determine the appropriate application of gamification according to its objectives and field of application.